Sherlock and Squares

Watson likes to challenge Sherlock’s math ability. He will provide a starting and ending value describing a range of integers. Sherlock must determine the number of square integers within that range, inclusive of the endpoints.

Note: A square integer is an integer which is the square of an integer, e.g. 1,4,9,16.25.

For example, the range is a = 24 and b = 49, inclusive. There are three square integers in the range: 25, 36 and 49.

Function Description

Complete the squares function in the editor below. It should return an integer representing the number of square integers in the inclusive range from a to b.

squares has the following parameter(s):

• a: an integer, the lower range boundary
• b: an integer, the uppere range boundary

Input Format

The first line contains q, the number of test cases.

Each of the next q lines contains two space-separated integers denoting a and b, the starting and ending integers in the ranges.

Constraints

1 <= q <= 100

1 <= a <= b <= 10⁹

Output Format

For each test case, print the number of square integers in the range on a new line.

Sample Input

1
2
3

2
3 9
17 24

Sample Output

1
2

2
0

Explanation

Test Case #00: In range [3, 9], 4 and 9 are the two square integers.

Test Case #01: In range [17, 24], there are no square integers.

Solution

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

// Complete the squares function below.
function squares(a, b) {
    let lower = Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(a));
    let upper = Math.floor(Math.sqrt(b));

    return lower > upper ? 0 : upper - lower + 1;
}